Cementum
Dental cementum is a thin mineralized tissue that covers the root of the tooth. It plays a crucial role in anchoring the tooth to the surrounding bone through the attachment of periodontal ligaments. Cementum is light yellow and softer than dentin, which forms the bulk of the tooth structure.
Composition
It is composed 45% – 50% inorganic material, mainly of hydroxyapatite, which is a mineral also found in enamel and dentin. It is produced by special cells called cementoblasts, which are similar to osteoblasts the cells that produce bone. However, unlike bone, it is avascular, meaning it does not have its own blood supply.
Types of Cementum
Function
It is essential for maintaining the integrity of the tooth by providing a medium for the attachment of periodontal ligaments, which help support the tooth in the jawbone. Without it, the tooth would not be able to withstand the forces of chewing and other everyday activities.
Cementoenamel junction
Cementum and enamel meet at the cervical line of the tooth forming cementoenamel junction. Depending on their relationship to each other, four types cementoenamel junctions (CEJ):-
Conclusion
In conclusion, dental cementum is a “vital component of tooth structure”, playing a key role in anchoring the tooth to the surrounding bone. Its composition and structure make it essential for maintaining the integrity and function of the tooth.
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